The instrument school refusal assessment scale revised srasr. Confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal assessment scale revised in an african american community sample. School refusal assessment scalerevised oxford clinical. This selfreport inventory, which is also available in parent response form, consists of 24 questions that measure the frequency with which. School refusal program clinical sciences at monash health. The program offered a comprehensive assessment and treatment of young people aged between 11 and 16.
Current status of research on school refusal sciencedirect. Reliability and validity studies article pdf available in pakistan journal of statistics 303. One method for quickly assessing the role of these functions is the school refusal assessment scale revised. Kearney, 2002a assesses school refusal behavior based on the functional model. Please circle the answer that best fits the following questions. School refusal in children and adolescents american family. A functional model to guide classification, assessment, and. Children and adolescents who school refuse can very quickly become entrenched in a longterm pattern of school refusal, which can have major longterm impacts for them and their family. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 24, 235245. The present study, using shelf data, described a quantitative research project. Descriptive functional assessment of school refusal behavior.
School refusal assessment scalerevised c children sometimes have di. Be sure that a complete physical examination has been conducted to eliminate any organic cause for somatic complaints stomachache, nausea, etc. The problem is pervasive and exacts a heavy toll on students, families and schools if left unaddressed. The school refusal assessment scale sras was developed to identify four factors that might maintain a youths school attendance problem sap and thus be targeted in treatment. In the light of considerable gaps in the literature, identified at that time, and growing international interest, the current paper sought to identify progress subsequently made this century. How often does your child have bad feelings about going to school because heshe is afraid of something related to school for example. Separate child and parent versions were developed, and items are rated on a 7 point likert type scale from never 0 to always 6. Support services f or school phobia, school refusal. Some children feel badly at school, some have trouble with other people, some just want to be with their family, and others like to do things that are more fun outside of school. The current study examined the relationship between the functions of school refusal behavior and family environment characteristics in a community sample of youth. The school refusal assessment scalerevised srasr, developed by christopher kearney and wendy silverman, is a psychological assessment tool designed to evaluate school refusal disorder symptoms in children and identify their reasons for avoiding school. Management of school refusal involves ruling out organic causes and assessing contributing factors, such as anxiety and depression. School refusal occurs when a student will not go to school or frequently experiences severe distress related to school attendance. Scoring the srasr is based on a 06 scale, with each question being scored as follows based on participant response.
Sras the initial version of the school refusal assessment scale consisted of 16 items, 4 for each functional condition mentioned earlier. Confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal assessment. The school refusal assessment scalerevised wikipedia. Confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal assessment scale revised. Identifying the function of school refusal behavior. Oct 15, 2003 the school refusal assessment scale table 6, online 23 includes a child, parent, and teacher form and examines school refusal in correlation to negative and positive reinforcers. The results revealed that the proposed model in this study, with a. School refusal is a more serious condition than separation anxiety. The school refusal assessment scale revised srasr is one of the widely accepted checklists used internationally to assess the functional model of school refusal behaviour, such as positive and negative reinforcements 22. Caitlin cook university of nevada, las vegas school refusal behavior is a difficult problem faced by many parents, educators, and mental health professionals. About 2 per cent of all school aged children experience school refusal. The aim of this study was to analyze the factorial invariance and latent means differences of the spanish version of the school refusal assessment scalerevised for children srasrc in a sample of 1,078 students 50.
Getting to school and staying at school nsw health. The initial version of the school refusal assessment scale consisted of 16. Children sometimes have different reasons for not going to school. School refusal is a serious issue and needs to be managed early, as long absences mean that children miss out on important parts of the curriculum. Pdf confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal. School refusal is a behaviour that can be associated with a range of family and school factors accompanied by anxiety, sadness or depression, physical symptoms and social isolation. School refusal assessment scale revised srasr psychtools. The school refusal assessment scale identifies four functional causes. School refusal assessment scale revised c children sometimes have di. How different kids exhibit school refusal behavior posted on september 25, 2018 by brook road academy. The school refusal assessment scale sras was first constructed by kearney and silverman 1993 and then revised in 2002 kearney. School refusal behaviour refers to a students refusal to attend school or difficulty remaining in classes for an entire day. Recognize that depression often coexists with school refusal. Information for educators by mary wimmer, phd, west alliswest milwaukee school district, wi each year, approximately 25% of children refuse to come to school due to anxiety or depression.
One method for quickly assessing the role of these functions is the school refusal assessment scalerevised. Be sure that a complete physical examination has been conducted to eliminate any organic cause for. These function scores are each divided by 6 the number of scores in each set. As it is a difficult problem to manage, school refusal creates stress for parents and school teachers. The more time the child is away from school, the more difficult it is for the child to resume normal school life. School refusal assessment scale virtual university of. Confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal. Aug 12, 2017 the school refusal assessment scale sras was first constructed by kearney and silverman 1993 and then revised in 2002 kearney. The adaptation of school refusal assessment scale into turkish. How different kids exhibit school refusal behavior brook. When your child is not in school during the week monday to friday, how often does heshe leave the house and do something fun.
In this study, srb was assessed according to the four functional factors modeled via the school refusal assessment scale sras 17. This tool should be beneficial to complete and then share with school and professionals. Versions are available for children and parents, who complete their respective scales separately see related resources. Moving from assessment to treatment of school refusal behavior in youth christopher a. Comprehensive treatment of school refusal, including psychiatric and medical evaluation when appropriate, is important since studies show that psychiatric disorders are the cause for a large percentage of students who fail to complete high school in the united states.
School refusal can have a negative impact on multiple areas of functioning. Pdf measuring the function of school refusal behavior. School refusal is not truancy, but both are serious behavioural problems that can have detrimental consequences. The functional assessment of school refusal behavior. The primary aim was to determine the family environments most strongly associated with each function of school refusal behavior in an ethnically diverse, communitybased sample of. In the light of considerable gaps in the literature, identified at that time, and growing international interest, the current paper sought to identify progress subsequently made this. How often does your child have bad feelings about going to school because heshe is afraid of something related to school for example, tests, school bus, teacher. School refusal in children and adolescents american. The functional assessment of sc hool refusal behavior. Evidence based assessmentinstrumentsschool refusal. The relationship between the functions of school refusal. Empirical treatment involves a collaborative approach of cognitive and behavioural therapies involving the child, parents, and school. Pdf the aim of this study was to analyze the factorial invariance and latent means differences of the spanish version of the school refusal assessment. Complaining of physical symptoms, such as a stomachache, to get out of school.
Examine ratings from versions of the school refusal assessment scale the first recommended step toward understanding the fun ctional profile of a particular child with school refusal behavior is to examine ratings from child and parent versions of the school refusal assessment scale revised edition. Please select the answer that best fits the following questions. School refusal assessment scale table 6, online23 includes a child, parent, and teacher form and examines school refusal in correlation to negative and positive rein. At school, kids who refuse school may repeatedly visit the school nurse. Nov 22, 2009 the school refusal assessment scale revised srasr. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 24. The school refusal assessment scale revised srasr, developed by christopher kearney and wendy silverman, is a psychological assessment tool designed to evaluate school refusal disorder symptoms in children and identify their reasons for avoiding school. Kearney, 2002 is the only measurement tool specifically designed for the assessment of children and adolescents who are experiencing srb. Moving f rom assessment to treatment of school refusal b. The school refusal assessment scale article pdf available in journal of clinical child psychology 221. Examine ratings from versions of the school refusal assessment scale the first recommended step toward understanding the functional profile of a particular child with school refusal behavior is to examine ratings from child and parent versions of the school refusal assessment scale revised edition. The functional assessment of school refusal behavior eric. Dec 26, 2016 the aim of this study was to analyze the factorial invariance and latent means differences of the spanish version of the school refusal assessment scalerevised for children srasrc in a sample of 1,078 students 50.
In school refusal behavior in youth, christopher kearney discusses both the historical context and common strategies for treating the problem, offering a cuttingedge, empirically based approach. Separate child and parent versions were developed, and items are rated on a 7point likerttype scale from never 0 to always 6. There is still limited support for the 4factor model inherent to the sras and its revision. Previously referred to as school phobia, school refusal includes kindergarten students with relatively mild. The following scales were considered specific measures to assess school refusal behavior.
This selfreport inventory, which is also available in parent response form, consists of. Solutions to school refusal for parents and kids mdedge. Sep 25, 2018 how different kids exhibit school refusal behavior posted on september 25, 2018 by brook road academy. School refusal assessment scale avoidance of stimuli provoking negative affectivity 1. Parent and child function scores are then summed and divided by 2 to determine the mean function score. Parents whose child displays school refusal behavior likely wishes theyd stumble upon a guidebook, or manual of sorts, to help them better understand and help their children. Pdf the adaptation of school refusal assessment scale. Moving from assessment to treatment of school refusal. Factorial invariance and latent means differences across gender and age in spanish children. School refusal behavior refers to childmotivated refusal to attend school andor.
Confirmatory factor analysis of the school refusal assessment scalerevised. Total scores may be computed by adding the scores of each of four functions on both the parent and child versions. The school refusal assessment scale was developed by christopher kearney and wendy silverman, several research studies support the srasr as a reliable and. There is still limited support for the fourfactor model inherent to the sras and its revision srasr. The school refusal assessment scale is an evidence based assessment tool designed to evaluate school refusal disorder symptoms in children and identify their reasons for avoiding school. Please only do so at your own discretion and like with all psychological tools, please use with caution as many methods of assessment have their flaws. The school refusal assessment scale sras was developed to identify four factors that might maintain a youths school attendance problem sap, and thus be targeted for treatment.
55 1143 1240 216 205 44 1349 1323 1666 491 1089 994 183 379 1399 832 702 392 467 1442 555 60 525 519 363 820 1476 358 887 311 703 1193 352 1210 1295 189 981